Click on individual image to see larger view

Back

Table Glass - Decoration

The following images are examples of Glass Decoration

Hot Glass Techniques

Pattern Molding

18BC27 Federal Reserve
Feature 26  Privy (late 18th to early 19th centuries)

18ST390 Mattapany Manor and Magazine

Courtesy Naval District Washington,
Naval Air Station Patuxent River

Colorless soda lime glass  tumbler or flip.
Pattern molded and wheel engraved below
rim with wavy line and a row of hatched
lozenges and dots.  Ribbed body and base.
Rim diameter: 3.5”, Base diameter: 2.25”.
Lot 251.

Colorless leaded glass cruet with everted lip. Pattern molded in spiral motif. Rim
diameter: 1.25” . Lot 299

Colorless leaded glass hollow vessel with
pattern molded ribs.  Although this fragment
is too small to make a positive identification,
the rib may have been part of a form of
decoration known as “nipt diamond waies”
(Lanmon 2001:82).  In this technique, adjacent
vertical ribs were manipulated with pinchers
to form a diamond pattern (Corning Museum
of Glass).  This form of decoration was used
between circa 1690 and the 1740s
(Hughes 1956:211). Lot 56

Contact Molding

Colorless soda lime glass six-sided
contact molded castor or decanter.
Molded floral device on vessel base. 
Base of vessel has frosted appearance,
possibly acid etched. Lot 26B-248

Colorless soda lime contact molded cruet
or castor. Ribbed body and glass tipped
pontil mark on base. Base diameter: 1.5”

Rayed Type I base (McKearin & McKearin
1989:261). Body bulges above  straight
cylindrical sides so it can fit in a condiment
stand. This type stand probably introduced
mid-19th century (Jones 2000:191).

Colorless leaded contact molded cruet
or castor with ribbed decoration.  Glass
tipped pontil. Base diameter: 1.5”.
Lot 17, 21-L1-138

18BC32 H & S Bakery
Feature 21 - Privy 19th c.

18BC79 Ruth Saloon
Frances Whittington Privy c. 1829-1837

Example shown on right from Boston and
Sandwich Glass Co. and dated 1825-1840.
Collection of DeYong / Legion of Honor
Fine Arts Museum, San Francisco.

Colorless leaded glass tumbler. Contact
molded leaded glass in sunburst pattern and
ribbing. rim diameter: 3”, Lot 17. Blown three
mold glass (interior surface of vessel follows
pattern of exterior decoration – convex/
concave) (McKearin and McKearin
1989:244). Illustration on page 254.

Colorless leaded glass contact molded decanter. Molded in what may be sunburst pattern
with double rigaree neck ring (McKearin and McKearin 1989:265). On right is a
complete example of what this decanter may have looked like from McKearin
and McKearin (1989:Plate 83).

18BC79 Ruth Saloon
Frances Whittington Privy c. 1829-1837

18FR134 Schifferstadt Site
Feature 4 Privy (c. 1830-1860)

Left: Contact molded colorless  leaded
glass castor or cruet; blown three mold.
Base diameter:1.50”.  Right: Blown molded
castor set similar to vessel at left. Has
two shakers with period brass caps, and
a mustard and cruet bottle, with bull's-eye
finial stoppers. Sheet-iron and Britannia
stand. Made by Boston & Sandwich
Glass Co. and others. 1825-1835.
Casters 4 1/2" to 5". Private collection.

Press Molded

18BC27 Federal Reserve

Colorless leaded glass tumbler with press
molded “waffle” pattern. Height: 3.50”,
Rim diameter: 3.00”, Base diameter: 2.50”.

This pattern was produced by Boston & Sandwich Glass Company and by Bryce, Walker& Company
in the early 1860s (McCain 1982:450).

Colorless leaded glass tumbler with press
molded diamond diapering pattern. Rim
diameter: 3.50” Lot 302.

Amber transparent press molded glass “Bird on Branch mug; part of Beaded Handle
set produced by the Bryce Brothers in the 1880s, when the company may have been
known as Bryce, Walker & Co.  The Brewhouse mug is missing its pleated skirt base.
Complete examples on right from a private collection.

This mug was made in a three-part mold with the mold seams hidden in the trunks of the trees.
Handles pressed in the mold rather than separately applied began in the 1870s.

Colorless soda lime press molded cup
in strawberry diamond fan pattern.
Similar pattern on cup set on right
from private collection.

18BC79 Ruth Saloon
Frances Whittington Privy c. 1829-1837

18CV13 Brewhouse
Lot 2 – part of a large assemblage discarded under the house in the early
20th century and found during renovation

Colorless leaded press molded dish in Early
Heart and Sheaf of Wheat pattern with
scalloped rim (McKearin and McKearin
1989:356). Damaged by fire. Rim diameter:
5.50”, Height:1.00”. Lot: 324

Early Heart and Sheaf of Wheat patterns were
probably first produced before 1830 McKearin
and McKearin 1989:356).

Colorless soda lime  press molded 3-sided
nut dish. Similar to pattern Ellrose (paneled
button and daisy) by  George Duncan &
Sons or US Glass Company c. 1885-1898.
Complete example on right from private coll.

18CV13 Brewhouse
Lot 2 – part of a large assemblage discarded under the house in the early 20th century and found during renovation

http://www.ebay.com/itm/Duncan-
Glass-EAPG-Square-4-1-2-x-4-1-2-
Mardi-Gras-Fruit-Berry-Bowl-dish-NR-/361833782899?hash=item543ef95e73:
g:z70AAOSwXeJYJo3I

Colorless soda lime press molded hollow
vessel, probable bowl or compote with
scalloped rim and faceted button panels. Rim
diameter: 6.00”. Similar to George Duncan
& Sons #44 “Button Panel” c. 1893-1900
(McCain 1982:190).

Right: butter lid in similar pattern made by
George Duncan and Sons and Company,
Washington, Pennsylvania (1893-1900)
http://www.ebay.com/itm/Button-Panel-Butter-
Lid-Duncan-Glass-EAPG-/152058033237

Colorless soda lime glass press molded
glass square berry bowl or nappy, possibly
in “Mardi Gras” pattern. Square dish,
4.00 x 4.00” dimensions.

Mardi Gras pattern first produced by George
Duncan and Sons and  Company (1893-1900);
continued by Duncan and Miller (c. 1900).
(McCain 1982: Figure 214).

18CV13 Brewhouse
Lot 2 – part of a large assemblage discarded under the house in the early 20th century and found during renovation

18BC79 Ruth Saloon
Frances Whittington Privy c. 1829-1837

Colorless -- press molded compote lid in “Ribbed Ivy” pattern produced by Boston & Sandwich Glass Co., c. 1850. Shown to the
right is a Ribbed Ivy butter dish with lid
from a private collection.

Ribbed patterns were among the first mechanically
pressed patterns produced in extensive sets. The
pattern was introduced by Boston & Sandwich
Glass Company in the 1850s but produced until late
in the 19th century. It was made in an extended
table service.

Colorless soda lime press molded
compote lid.  

Colorless leaded press molded lacy glass
hollow vessel, possibly a flared compote or
bowl. Similar to “Princess Feather” pattern,
aka  “Rochelle”.  Possibly Bakewell Pears
Glass Company or Pittsburgh Flint Glass
Manufactory (McKearin and McKearin
1989: Plate 147 #1). Lot 324

18BC27 Federal Reserve

Glass-on-Glass

--- Facon de Venise ---

18CV60 Angelica Knoll
c. 1680-1750

18CV271 Patuxent Point
1658 – 1690s

18CH821 Serenity’s Surprise
17th-century domestic site

Colorless leaded glass wine stem with
four pincered fins  (also called wings) below
a collar and above a plain ball knop.

Pincered fins on English glass were a
Venetian influence  dating to the last quarter
of the 17th century (Bickerton 1986:22).

Stamped raspberry prunt in green colored
glass. Diameter: .75”. Lot 138. Similar to
prunts shown on 17th century wine glass
on the right from a private collection.

Stamped raspberry prunt in green colored
glass.  Test Unit 23, Lot 115.

18CH821 Serenity’s Surprise
17th-century domestic site

18CV91 Smith St. Leonard
c. 1711-1754

Blue prunt, probably from winged serpent of dragon flute glass.  Test Unit 51, Lot 179.
Facon de Venise glass. 

Blue prunt from winged serpent of dragon flute glass.  Facon de Venise glass. Similar
example to right  made in the Netherlands between 1675 and 1700.  (Taken from van
Eck 1995:267). Similar example to right of both fragments was made in the Netherlands
between 1675 and 1700.

18CV60 Angelica Knoll
c. 1680-1750

Opaque white glass blue chalcedony tea bowl.  1.25” diameter of white glass ring which was the footring of a tea bowl. The
chalcedony technique of imitating semi-precious stones was mastered in Venice in the 15th century (Grulich 2004:21).
Figure of Purple bowls on right from (Grulich 2004:27)

18CV60 Angelica Knoll
c. 1680-1750

18CV271 Patuxent Point
1658 – 1690s

18QU28  Bennett’s Point
1675-1765, Lot 81

“Black” or amethyst opaque glass hollow
vessel with overlays of white opaque glass. 
Black table glass was made in the
Netherlands, Venice and England and the
deep purple color was achieved with
manganese or iron metallic oxide (Grulich
2004:19). The white design was created
by trailing threads of white glass around
the vessel.  The glass was sometimes
combed to create a “sgraffado” motif
(Rimer 2017).

Purple transparent table glass with colorless
soda lime glass prunt that has been pincered
into a vertical fin decoration (Lanmon
2011:71). Running through the center of the
prunt is a twisted cable stem of colorless
soda lime glass with encased twists of red and
white cane.This vessel may be some variant
of a winged serpent or dragon flute glass.

18ST390 Mattapany Manor and Magazine

Courtesy Naval District Washington, Naval Air Station Patuxent River

Colorless soda lime glass mold
blown hollow vessel, possibly a beaker.
This vessel is decorated with rounded
bumps and may have been similar to
image on right, a knobbelbeker
(“knobbed beaker”) a beaker type made
in the European Lowcountries (Rimer
2017:164). Lot 354.

Colorless nonleaded glass hollow vessel
with white applied enamel vetro a fili (“glass
with threads”) threads. Base fragment of a
possible beaker, bowl or tazza (Rimer
2017:162). The slight purple coloration of
this glass indicates that manganese was used
as a decolorizer, a technique that was used
by Venetian glassblowers as early as the
17th century (Lockhart 2006). Lot 413.

Colorless soda lime glass pinchered prunt, possibly from a dragon-stem glass. Lot 120.

18ST704 Charles Gift

Courtesy Naval District Washington, Naval Air Station Patuxent River

Lattimo (opaque white) beaker with raspberry prunt. The term lattimo was derived from latte,
the Italian word for milk (Corning Museum of Glass). Image on right: German prunted beaker dated 1643.
Object 84.DK.529.  J. Paul Getty Museum

Flashed and Cased Glass

We currently have no images of this table glass decoration type

Mottled Glass

18CV60 Angelica Knoll
c. 1680-1750

18CV279 Compton
c. 1651-1685

Opaque white glass blue chalcedony tea bowl.  1.25” diameter of white glass ring which
was the footring of a tea bowl. The chalcedony technique of imitating semi-precious stones
was mastered in Venice in the 15th century (Grulich 2004:21).
Figure of Purple bowls on right from (Grulich 2004:27)

Marbled Glass

Private Collection

Pressed purple marble glass tumbler.
Challinor, Taylor and Company (1866–1891)
Dated: 1870–90. Accession Number: 46.140.721. From The Met Museum.

https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/
search/9114?sortBy=Relevance&who=
Challinor%2c+Taylor++Company+%24
Challinor%2c+Taylor++Company&ft=
marbled+glass+tableware&offset=
0&rpp=20&pos=19

Pressed purple marble glass goblet.
Challinor, Taylor and Company (1866–1891)
Dated: 1870–90. Accession Number: 46.140.724. From The Met Museum.

https://www.metmuseum.org/art/
collection/search/4122?sortBy=Relevance
&who=Challinor%2c+Taylor++Company+
%24Challinor%2c+Taylor++Company&
amp;ft=marbled+glass+tableware&
offset=0&rpp=20&pos=14

Abrasive Techniques

Cutting

18BC33 Federal Site/Block 1370
Feature 20 – late 18th to early 19th century

18BC38 Clagett Brewery
Peters’ Privy, late 18th to early
19th centuries

Colorless leaded stemmed glass. Conical/
funnel shaped bowl and octagonal vertically
fluted stem. Wheel engraved around rim and
gold painted design. Rim diameter: 2.25”.
This vessel falls into Bickerton’s (1986:20)
Facet Cut Stem category (1760-1810).

Colorless leaded stemmed glass with
hexagonal fluted stem and unfinished pontil.
Foot diameter: 2.5”. This vessel falls into
Bickerton’s (1986:20) Facet Cut Stem
category (1760-1810). 

Colorless leaded faceted stemmed glass
with hexagonal facet cut stem (c. 1760-1810).
Lot: 13, Provenience: 1H.549.13, Privy
Stratum 4. Bickerton (1986:20). This vessel
falls into Bickerton’s (1986:20) Facet Cut
Stem category (1760-1810).

18BC50 Albemarle Row House
Dalrymple Privy (Feature 18) filled c. 1801-1816

Colorless leaded soda lime glass case bottle with cut decoration, empontilled.  Rectangular in cross section.  Bands of
shallow cut ovals outlining the shoulders and sides of the bottle, cut flower or star on front and back and large abstract flower on
each side. Vessel height: 11.50”, Base measurements: 4.75” x 3.00”. Lot 47G-347-7.

Case bottle sets were generally used for travel, but could also be used in the home (Palmer 1993:358).

18DO58 Horne Point
c. 1670 - 1770s

18BC79 Ruth Saloon
Frances Whittington Privy c. 1829-1837

Colorless leaded glass tumbler, cut fluted
base. One of a set of 4 identical tumblers
from this assemblage. Fire damaged.  Base
diameter: 2.50”. Lot 325. Jones et al p. 59.

18BC38 Clagett Brewery
Peters’ Privy, late 18th to early 19th centuries

18CV60 Angelica Knoll
c. 1680-1750

Colorless soda lime tumbler, wheel
engraved.  Cut flutes along base, fire
polished pontil. Rim diameter:  3.12”,
Base diameter: 2.36”, Vessel height: 4.00”.
Lot: 13, Provenience: 1H, Privy Stratum 4

Colorless leaded mug with cut flutes along
base and cut ovals and engraving along rim.
Vessel has a strap handle. Rim diameter:
2.75”, Base diameter: 1.75”, Vessel
height:  2.50”. Lot: 15, Provenience:
1H1.611.1, Privy Stratum 4

Colorless leaded glass cut and engraved
tumbler. Flutes on body of glass are cut.
Rim diameter:2.75”

18BC27 Federal Reserve
Feature 17  Privy (mid-19th century)

18BC38 Clagett Brewery
Peters’ Privy, late 18th to early 19th centuries

Colorless leaded glass container, possibly a
cruet or castor. Hobnail motif, most likely
molded. Vessel 38, Lots 128/129. Hobnail
motif very similar to that used on pieces in
this circa 1809 cut glass English cruet set
(right). Seems popular in the first quarter to
first 4 decades of 19th c.

Colorless leaded cut glass hollow vessel
(bowl?) with scalloped rim. Rim diameter:
5.00”. Lot: 14, Provenience: 1HA.671.105,
Privy Stratum 4.

Colorless leaded glass jelly or dessert glass.
This vessel has been decorated with cut panels
on the body and applied foot and oval cuts
on vessel body. Rim diameter: ?, Base diameter:
2.25”, Vessel height: 4.25”.  Lot: 10,
Provenience: 1G4.497.35, Privy Stratum 3.
On the detail photograph, vertical  striations
made by the cutting wheels are clearly visible.

Very similar to jelly glasses dating c. 1790-1800
in the collections at Mount Vernon (Daniel 1950:
Plate 39 and http://www.mountvernon.org/
preservation/collections-holdings/browse-the-
museum-collections/object/w-1640/).

18BC32 H & S Bakery
Feature 21 - Privy 19th c.

18PR175 Oxon Hill Manor
Area I Well, MC827

Colorless leaded glass carafe or decanter
with cut ovals. Close-up shows ground
interior of neck for stopper.

Opaque white cut glass hollow vessel,
possible bowl. 6” diameter.

Opaque white pressed glass was relatively
common before the 1870s, but in the later 1870s,
British and American manufacturers began to
produce yellows, blues, greens, blacks and ivory
opaque glass (Jones 2000:147).

Engraving

18BC27 Federal Reserve
Feature 26  Privy (late 18th to early 19th centuries)

Colorless soda lime glass  tumbler or flip.
Pattern molded and wheel engraved below
rim with wavy line and a row of hatched
lozenges and dots.  Ribbed body and base.
Rim diameter: 3.5”, Base diameter: 2.25”.
Lot 251.

Colorless soda lime glass decanter with
wheel engraving in star or sunburst type
motif. 2.5” base diameter. Empontilled
with Continental style base finishing
discussed in jones at al.

18BC33 Federal Site/Block 1370
Feature 20 – late 18th to early 19th century

18BC66 Shot Tower Metro Station
Feature 21 Privy filled c. 1790-1810; household of china merchant

Colorless leaded stemmed glass with conical
bowl and engraved botanical motif along rim.
Empontilled. Rim diameter: 2.00”; Foot
diameter: 2.25”; Vessel height:  4.00”.
Lot 186-64.

18BC38 Clagett Brewery
Peters’ Privy, late 18th to early 19th centuries

18CV60 Angelica Knoll
c. 1680-1750

Colorless  soda lime tumbler, wheel
engraved. Cut flutes along base, fire
polished pontil. Rim diameter:  3.12”,
Base diameter: 2.36”, Vessel height: 4.00”.
Lot: 13, Provenience: 1H, Privy Stratum 4

Colorless leaded glass cut and engraved
tumbler. Flutes on body of glass are cut.
Rim diameter:2.75”

18BC27 Federal Reserve
Feature 30  Privy (circa 1850-1870)

Adhesive Techniques

Staining

18AP14 Victualling Warehouse
c. 1737 - 1900 - Lot 548

Ruby stained glass spooner, acid etched with words “Ocean City, MD 1905
Grace Schumacher”. Scalloped rim. rim diameter: 3.5”.

Stained glass has color painted on a clear glass. Then it is refired so the stain fuses with the glass.
Stained glass is different from flashed glass, which   is clear glass dipped in a colored glass, then
pressed or cut.

Enameling

18BC163 UMB Block 12
Feature 1 – Late 19th/early 20th century privy

18ST390 Mattapany Manor and Magazine

Courtesy Naval District Washington, Naval Air Station Patuxent River

           

On right: Spanish goblet with vetro a fili decoration, c. 1600-1625.
Corning Museum of Glass; https://www.cmog.org/artwork/ goblet-193?image=2

Opaque pink hollow vessel of indeterminate
form, white and yellow enameled floral
motif on lightly acid etched surface to
provide matte background. Acid etching on
glass as early as the 18th century, but not
really produced commercially until mid-19th
century (Jones 2000:182).

18BC66 Shot Tower Metro Station
Feature 21 Privy filled c. 1790-1810; household of china merchant

Colorless soda lime glass tumbler with polychrome  enameled decoration of flowers and a bird perched on a heart.  Empontilled.
  Similar to Stiegel-type tumbler shown in McKearin and McKearin (1948:Plate 30)and to examples in Palmer (1993:88-89)
dated 1775-1825. Rim diameter: 3.25”; Base diameter: 2.25”; Vessel height: 4.00”. Lot 190-58. Far right: Stiegel tumbler from
the Hunter Collection of Stiegel glassware. http://www.kellscraft.com/EarlyAmericanCraftsmen/EarlyAmericanCraftsmenCh07.html

Gilding

18BC27 Federal Reserve
Feature 38 Privy 1870-1910

18BC33 Federal Site/Block 1370
Feature 20 – late 18th to early 19th century

Colorless leaded stemmed glass. Conical/
funnel shaped bowl and octagonal vertically
fluted stem. Wheel engraved around rim and
gold painted design. Rim diameter: 2.25”.
This vessel falls into Bickerton’s (1986:20)
Facet Cut Stem category (1760-1810).

Iridescent

Private Collection

Iridescent glass in American Beauty Roses pattern by  Imperial Glass Company (1904-1984). This piece may
be a 1960s-1970s reproduction of a circa 1915 pattern also produced by Imperial Glass.
Used courtesy of Mara Kaktins, George Washington Foundation.

This type of pressed iridescent glass is known as “carnival” glass. Carnival glass made
from circa 1905 to past the late 1930s (Jones 2000:151). 

Chemical Decorative Methods

Acid Etching

18AP14 Victualling Warehouse
c. 1737 - 1900 - Lot 548

18CV13 Brewhouse
Lot 2 – part of a large assemblage discarded under the house in the early 20th
century and found during renovation

18BC163 UMB Block 12
Feature 1 – Late 19th/early
20th century privy

Ruby stained glass spooner, acid etched
with words “Ocean City, MD 1905
Grace Schumacher”. Scalloped rim. rim
diameter: 3.5”.

Colorless nonleaded glass tumbler,
probably Packer’s Tumbler. Fluted at base
and acid etched band near rim. 3.5” tall,
2.75” rim diameter.

Opaque pink hollow vessel of indeterminate
form, white and gold enameled floral motif
on lightly acid etched surface to provide
matte background.

Lid or lighting fixture; Bowl base; creamer

Back to: Top | Table Glass Introduction | Table Glass Composition | Table Glass Vessel Forms