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Loyola Retreat 1 (18CH58)

Site History

The Loyola Retreat 1 site (18CH58) is a Late Archaic and Early to Middle Woodland shell midden located on the Potomac River in Charles County, Maryland.

Archaeological Investigations

This site was excavated extensively for two summers by Charles McNett and William Gardiner, archaeologists at American University. Their 1975 report discusses details of the main types of ceramics (Popes Creek and Mockley) and other material culture (scrapers, awls, Calvert projectile points) found on the site.Radiocarbon dates for the site are 490 B.C. and A.D. 815. McNett and Gardiner believed that the site served as a home base for winter months in the Woodland period.

References

McNett, Charles W., and William Gardner

1971   "Shell Middens of the Potomac Coastal Plain" Proceedings of the Mid-Atlantic Archeological Conference, pp. 21-29.

1975   Archeology of the Lower and Middle Potomac. (American University) MHT # MD 96.

(Edited from archeological site survey form, Maryland Historical Trust)

Associated Artifacts

Accokeek

Image of ceramic, Crushed Quartz Tempered Body with Cord-Marked Surface Treatment, Accokeek type, Undecorated
18CH58 Loyola Retreat I Accokeek body crushed quartz tempered cord-marked surface treatment undecorated Early Woodland Period

Mockley

Image of ceramic, Shell Tempered Body with Net-Impressed Surface Treatment, Mockley type, Undecorated
18CH58 Loyola Retreat I Mockley Mockley Net-Impressed body shell tempered net-impressed surface treatment undecorated Middle Woodland Period

Popes Creek

Image of ceramic, Sand Tempered Body with Cord-Marked Surface Treatment, Pope's Creek type, Punctate
18CH58 Loyola Retreat I Pope's Creek body sand tempered cord-marked surface treatment punctate Early Woodland Period Middle Woodland Period

Popes Creek

Image of ceramic, Sand Tempered Mended Body with Net-Impressed Surface Treatment, Pope's Creek type, Undecorated
18CH58 Loyola Retreat I Pope's Creek mended body sand tempered net-impressed surface treatment undecorated Early Woodland Period Middle Woodland Period

Popes Creek

Image of ceramic, Sand Tempered Mended Body with Net-Impressed Surface Treatment, Pope's Creek type, Undecorated
18CH58 Loyola Retreat I Pope's Creek mended body sand tempered net-impressed surface treatment undecorated Early Woodland Period Middle Woodland Period

Popes Creek

Image of ceramic, Sand Tempered Body with Net-Impressed Surface Treatment, Pope's Creek type, Undecorated
18CH58 Loyola Retreat I Pope's Creek body sand tempered net-impressed surface treatment undecorated Early Woodland Period Middle Woodland Period

Popes Creek

Image of ceramic, Sand Tempered Body with Net-Impressed Surface Treatment, Pope's Creek type, Undecorated
18CH58 Loyola Retreat I Pope's Creek body sand tempered net-impressed surface treatment undecorated Early Woodland Period Middle Woodland Period

Popes Creek

Image of ceramic, Sand Tempered Body with Net-Impressed Surface Treatment, Pope's Creek type, Undecorated
18CH58 Loyola Retreat I Pope's Creek body sand tempered net-impressed surface treatment undecorated Early Woodland Period Middle Woodland Period

Popes Creek

Image of ceramic, Sand Tempered Body with Net-Impressed Surface Treatment, Pope's Creek type, Undecorated
18CH58 Loyola Retreat I Pope's Creek body sand tempered net-impressed surface treatment undecorated Early Woodland Period Middle Woodland Period

Popes Creek

Image of ceramic, Sand Tempered Body with Net-Impressed Surface Treatment, Pope's Creek type, Undecorated
18CH58 Loyola Retreat I Pope's Creek body sand tempered net-impressed surface treatment undecorated Early Woodland Period Middle Woodland Period

Popes Creek

Image of ceramic, Sand Tempered Body with Net-Impressed Surface Treatment, Pope's Creek type, Undecorated
18CH58 Loyola Retreat I Pope's Creek body sand tempered net-impressed surface treatment undecorated Early Woodland Period Middle Woodland Period

Popes Creek

Image of ceramic, Sand Tempered Body with Net-Impressed Surface Treatment, Pope's Creek type, Undecorated
18CH58 Loyola Retreat I Pope's Creek body sand tempered net-impressed surface treatment undecorated Early Woodland Period Middle Woodland Period

Popes Creek

Image of ceramic, Sand Tempered Mended Vessel with Cord-Marked Surface Treatment, Pope's Creek type, Finger-Smoothed
18CH58 Loyola Retreat I Pope's Creek mended vessel sand tempered cord-marked surface treatment straight rim finger-smoothed Early Woodland Period Middle Woodland Period

Popes Creek

Image of ceramic, Sand Tempered Mended Body/Rim with Net-Impressed Surface Treatment, Pope's Creek type, Finger-Smoothed
18CH58 Loyola Retreat I Pope's Creek mended body/rim sand tempered net-impressed surface treatment everted rim finger-smoothed Early Woodland Period Middle Woodland Period

Popes Creek

Image of ceramic, Sand Tempered Mended Body with Net-Impressed Surface Treatment, Pope's Creek type, Undecorated
18CH58 Loyola Retreat I Pope's Creek mended body sand tempered net-impressed surface treatment undecorated Early Woodland Period Middle Woodland Period

Popes Creek

Image of ceramic, Sand Tempered Mended Vessel with Net-Impressed Surface Treatment, Pope's Creek type, Finger-Smoothed
18CH58 Loyola Retreat I Pope's Creek mended vessel sand tempered net-impressed surface treatment straight rim finger-smoothed Middle Woodland Period

Popes Creek

Image of ceramic, Sand Tempered Mended Body with Net-Impressed Surface Treatment, Pope's Creek type, Undecorated
18CH58 Loyola Retreat I Pope's Creek mended body sand tempered net-impressed surface treatment undecorated Early Woodland Period Middle Woodland Period

Potomac Creek

Image of ceramic, Crushed Quartz Tempered Base with Plain/Smoothed Surface Treatment, Potomac Creek type, Undecorated
18CH58 Loyola Retreat I Potomac Creek Potomac Creek Plain base crushed quartz tempered plain/smoothed surface treatment straight rim undecorated Late Woodland Period Contact Period

Townsend Series

Image of ceramic, Shell Tempered Body with Cord-Marked/Smoothed Surface Treatment, Townsend type, Undecorated
18CH58 Loyola Retreat I Townsend Townsend Cord-Marked body shell tempered cord-marked/smoothed surface treatment undecorated Late Woodland Period Contact Period