• Introduction
  • Softwoods
    • Eastern Red Cedar
    • Eastern White Pine
    • Bald Cypress
    • Eastern Hemlock
    • Spruce
  • Hardwoods
    • Ring Porous Hardwoods
      • Chestnut
      • Elm
      • Fox Grape
      • Hickory
      • Hackberry
      • Black Locust
      • The Oaks
      • American Ash
      • Hercules Club
      • Mulberry
      • Paw Paw
      • Redbud
      • Sassafras
      • Sumacs
      • Trumpet Vine
    • Diffuse Porous Hardwoods
      • American Beech
      • Cherry
      • Cottonwood
      • Holly
      • Maple
      • Red Gum
      • Tulip Poplar
      • Black Willow
      • Sycamore
      • Birch
    • Semi-ring Porous Hardwoods
      • Black Walnut
      • Common Persimmon
  • Key to Softwoods
  • Key to Hardwoods
  • JPPM Home


Wood and Charcoal
Identification

Introduction

Creating a Southern  Maryland Type Collection

Wood and Charcoal Anatomy Basics

Key to Softwoods

Key to Hardwoods

Softwoods

Eastern Red Cedar

Eastern White Pine

Bald Cypress

Eastern Hemlock

Spruce

Hardwoods -
Ring Porous Hardwoods

Chestnut

Elm

Fox Grape

Hickory

Hackberry

Black Locust

The Oaks

American Ash

Hercules Club

Mulberry

Pawpaw

Redbud

Sassafras

Sumacs

Trumpet Vine


Diffuse Porous Hardwoods

American Beech

Cherry

Cottonwood

Holly

Maple

Red Gum

Tulip Poplar

Black Willow

Sycamore

Birch


Semi-ring Porous Hardwoods

Black Walnut

Common Persimmon

    Wood & Charcoal Identification in Southern Maryland
    By Harry Alden

Fox Grape

Fox Grape (Vitis labrusca/Vitaceae). The genus Vitis is composed of about 65 species of woody vines (lianas) native to the Northern hemisphere. This is not a commercial lumber species and thus, no technical information is available on the properties of the wood. Fox grape flowers from May to June, producing fruits by September. It is common throughout the state of Maryland. It is the source of several cultivated varieties, including Concord.


Characteristics found in the Grape (Vitis sp.)

  • Ring porous to semi-ring porous
  • Tangential arrangement of large and small pores
  • Spirals in vessels
  • Simple to scalariform perforations (6-10)
  • I/V pits linear
  • R/V pits large
  • Wide, heterocellular rays (9-14)
  • Crystals

WOOD SLIDES
Click on each image to view a larger image.

CHARCOAL SLIDES

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Maryland Archaeological Conservation Lab
Updated: 4/30/17

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