Projectile Points, References

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

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1996   Environmental and Chronological Considerations.  In The Paleoindian and Early   Archaic Southeast, edited by David G. Anderson and Kenneth E. Sassaman.  The University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa.

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1998   Lithics: Macroscopic Approaches to Analysis.  Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.

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1972   The Archeology of the Susquehanna Tradition in the Potomac Valley.  Ph.D. dissertation, Catholic University of America, Washington, DC.

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1989   Paleoindian Chronology for Virginia.  In Paleoindian Research in Virginia: A Synthesis, edited by J. Mark Wittkofski and Theodore R. Reinhart, pp. 53–70. Special Publication 19. Archeological Society of Virginia, Richmond.

Bedell, John, Stuart Fiedel, and Gregory Katz

2014   Phase III Archaeological Investigations, Russell Road, Marine Corps Base Quantico, Prince William County, Virginia. Report submitted the Dept. of the Navy, Naval Facilities Engineering Command Washington.

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1998   Archaic Period Triangles from 28GL228.  Bulletin of the Archaeological Society of New Jersey 53:128-129.

Benthall, Joseph L.

1990   Daugherty’s Cave: A Stratified Site in Russell County, Virginia.  Archeological Society of Virginia Special Publication n. 18.

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1998   An Introduction to the Early and Middle Archaic Occupations at Sandts Eddy.  In The Archaic Period in Pennsylvania: Hunter-Gatherers of the Early and Middle Holocene Period, edited by Paul A. Raber, Patricia E. Miller, and Sarah M. Neusius. Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, Harrisburg.

Blondino, Joseph R.

2008   How Can You Mend a Broken Hearth?: Preliminary Results of Excavations at the Driftstone Site.  Journal of Middle Atlantic Archaeology 24:167-176.

Bottoms, Edward

1965   The Nansemond Point. The Chesopiean 3(1):23-25.

1979   The Will’s Cove Projectile Point.  Quarterly Bulletin of the Archeological Society of Virginia 34(1):48-49.

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2008   What’s the Point?: Modal Forms and Attributes of Paleoindian Bifaces in the New England-Maritimes Region.  Archaeology of Eastern North America 36:119-171.

Brown, Lois

1979   Fluted Projectile Points in Maryland.  Paper on file, Maryland Historical Trust, Crownsville.

Broyles, Bettye J.

1966   Preliminary Report: The St. Albans Site (46Ka27), Kanawha County, West Virginia.  West Virginia Archeologist 19:1-43.

1971   The St. Albans Site, Kanawha County, West Virginia.  West Virginia Geological and Economic Survey, Report of Archeological Investigations 3, Morgantown, WV.

1976   A Late Archaic Component at the Buffalo Site, Putnam County, West Virginia.  West Virginia Geological and Economic Survey, Report of Archeological Investigations 6, Morgantown, WV.

Cambron, James W., and David C. Hulse

1960   An Excavation on the Quad Site.  Tennessee Archaeologist 16(1):14-26.

1975   Handbook of Alabama Archaeology: Part I, Point Types. Archaeological Research Association of Alabama, Moundville, AL.

Cavallo, John

1981   Turkey Swamp: A Late Paleo-Indian Site in New Jersey’s Coastal Plain.  Archaeology of Eastern North America 9:1-17.

Chapman, Jefferson

1975   The Rose Island Site and the Bifurcate Point Tradition.  University of Tennessee Department of Anthropology, Report of Investigations 14, Knoxville, TN.

1976   The Archaic Period in the Lower Little Tennessee River Valley: the Radiocarbon Dates.  Tennessee Anthropologist 1(1):1-12.

1977   Archaic Period Research in the Lower Little Tennessee River Valley -- 1975: Icehouse Bottom, Harrison Branch, Thirty Acre Island, Calloway Island.  University of Tennessee Department of Anthropology, Report of Investigations 18, Knoxville, TN.

1981   The Bacon Bend and Iddins Sites: The Late Archaic Period in the Lower Little Tennessee River Valley.  The University of Tennessee Department of Anthropology, Report of Investigations 31, Knoxville, TN.

Claflin, William H., Jr.

1931   The Stallings Island Mound, Columbia County, Georgia.  Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 14(1), Cambridge.

Clark, Wayne E.

1976   The Application of Regional Research Designs to Contract Archaeology: The Northwest Transportation Corridor Archaeological Survey Project. M.A. thesis, American University, Department of Anthropology, Washington, DC.

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1964   The Formative Cultures of the Carolina Piedmont.   Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 54(5). Philadelphia.

1995   Town Creek Indian Mound: A Native American Legacy.  The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.

Cresthull, Paul

1972a   Fishtail and Related Points in Maryland. Maryland Archaeology 8(1):13-22.

1972b   Chance (18SO5): A Major Early Archaic Site, Part 2. Maryland Archaeology 8(2):40-53.

Cross, Dorothy

1941   Archaeology of New Jersey, Vol. 1.   New Jersey State Museum and the Archaeological Society of New Jersey, Trenton.

Curry, Dennis C., and Maureen Kavanagh

1991   The Middle to Late Woodland Transition in Maryland.  North American Archaeologist 12(1):3-28.

Custer, Jay F.

1983   Woodland Ceramic Sequences of the Upper Delmarva Peninsula and Southeastern Pennsylvania. Maryland Archeology 19(2): 21-30.

1989   Prehistoric Cultures of the Delmarva Peninsula: An Archaeological Study. University of Delaware Press, Newark.

1996a   A Guide to Prehistoric Arrowheads and Spear Points of Delaware. Center for Archaeological Research, University of Delaware, Newark.

1996b   Prehistoric Cultures of Eastern Pennsylvania.  Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, Harrisburg.

2001   Classification Guide for Arrowheads and Spearpoints of Eastern Pennsylvania and the Central Middle Atlantic.   Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, Harrisburg.

Custer, Jay F., S.C. Watson, and Daniel N. Bailey

1994   Data Recovery Investigations of the West Water Street Site, 36Cn175, Lock Haven, Clinton County, Pennsylvania.  Report submitted to the US Army Corps of Engineers, Baltimore District.

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1998   Hardaway Revisited: Early Archaic Settlement in the Southeast. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa.

DeJarnette, David L., and Vernon J. Knight, Jr.

1976   LaGrange.  Journal of Alabama Archaeology 22(1):1-60.

Dent, Richard J.

1995   Chesapeake Prehistory: Old Traditions, New Directions.  Plenum Press, New York.

Dincauze, Dena F.

1968   Cremation Cemeteries in Eastern Massachusetts. Papers of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University 19 (1), Cambridge.

1971   An Archaic Sequence for Southern New England.  American Antiquity 36(2): 194-198.

Eastman, Jane M.

1994   The North Carolina Radiocarbon Date Study (Part 1).  Southern Indian Studies 42:1-63.

Ebright, Carol A.

n.d.   Archeological Lithic Materials.  Unpublished manuscript.

1992   Early Native American Prehistory on the Maryland Western Shore: Archeological Investigations at the Higgins Site.   Maryland State Highway Administration Archeological Report Number 1.   Report prepared for the Maryland State Railroad Administration.

Egghart, Chris

2014   What is the Point? Thoughts on Projectile Point Types as Temporal/Cultural Markers. Quarterly Bulletin of the Archeological Society of Virginia 69(3): 163-177.

Egloff, Keith T., Mary Ellen N. Hodges, Jay F. Custer, Keith R. Doms, and Leslie D. McFaden

1988   Archaeological Investigations at Croaker Landing, 44JC70 and 44JC71.  Virginia Department of Conservation and Historic Resources, Research Report Series No. 4, Richmond.

Egloff, Keith T., and Joseph M. McAvoy

1990   Chronology of Virginia’s Early and Middle Archaic Periods. Archeological Society of Virginia Special Publication n. 22.

Fiedel, Stuart, John Bedell, and Charles LeeDecker

2005   Cohongorooto: The Potomac Above the Falls. Archeological Identification and Evaluation Study of Chesapeake & Ohio Canal National Historical Park, Rock Creek to Sandy Hook (Mile Markers 0 to 59), Volume I.  Report submitted to the National Park Service by The Louis Berger Group, Inc.

Ford, T. Latimre

1976   Adena Sites on Chesapeake Bay.  Archaeology of Eastern North America 4:63-89.

Funk, Robert E.

n.d.   Fox Creek Points, The Fox Creek Phase, and a Middle Woodland Enigma. Manuscript.

1976   Recent Contributions to Hudson Valley Prehistory. New York State Museum, Albany.

1991   The Middle Archaic in New York.  Journal of Middle Atlantic Archaeology 7:7-18.

1993   Archaeological Investigations in the Upper Susquehanna Valley, New York State:   Volume 1. Persimmon Press, Buffalo.

Gardner, William M.

1974   The Flint Run Paleo-Indian Complex: A Preliminary Report, 1971-73 Seasons. Occasional Publication No. 1, Department of Anthropology, Catholic University, Washington, DC.

1982   Early and Middle Woodland in the Middle Atlantic: An Overview. American Indian Archaeological Institute Occasional Paper No. 3: 53-86.

1989   An Examination of Cultural Change in the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene (circa 9200 to 6800 B.C.).  In Paleoindian Research in Virginia: A Synthesis, edited by J. Mark Wittkofski and Theodore R. Reinhart, pp. 5–51. Special Publication 19. Archeological Society of Virginia, Richmond.

Gardner, William M., and Robert A. Verrey

1979   Typology and Chronology of Fluted Points from the Flint Run Area.  Pennsylvania Archaeologist 49(1-2):13-46.

Geier, Clarence R

1996   The Cattle Run Variant of the Savannah River Projectile Point Type.  Quarterly Bulletin of the Archeological Society of Virginia 51(4):154-177.

George, Richard L., and Christine E. Davis

1986   A Dated Brewerton Component in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania.  Pennsylvania Archaeologist 56(1-2):12-20.

Goodyear, Albert C., III

1982   The Chronological Placement of the Dalton Horizon in the Southeast United States. American Antiquity 47:382-395.

Gringerich, Joseph A. M., and Michael R. Waters

2007   New Dates from the Shawnee-Minisink Site, Pennsylvania.  Current Research in the Pleistocene 24:90-92.

Gustafson, John H., and William T. Pigott

1981   A Tale of Two Sites or Big Sandy Begins to Speak.  Journal of Alabama Archaeology 27(2):73-116.

Herbert, Joseph M.

1994   Thomas Point (18ST570) Emerging Late Woodland Traditions in Southern Maryland. Jefferson Patterson Park and Museum Occasional Papers No. 5, Annapolis, MD.

Holland, C. G.

1955   An Analysis of Projectile Points and Large Blades.  In A Ceramic Study of Virginia Archeology, by Clifford Evans.  Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.

Hranicky, William Jack

1989   Patuxent Stemmed Point Type.  The Chesopiean 27(1):27-31.

2002   Lithic Technology in the Middle Potomac River Valley of Maryland and Virginia.  Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York.

2008   McCary Fluted Point Survey of Virginia: Points 1 to 1055.  AuthorHouse,   Bloomington, IN.

Hranicky, William Jack, and Floyd Painter

1989a   Guide to the Identification of Virginia Projectile Points.  Archeological Society of Virginia Special Publication n. 17.

1989b   The Chesapeake Diamond Projectile Point Type.  The Chesopiean 27(1):11-14.

Hranicky, William Jack, and Charles S. Herndon

1991   The Cornelius Projectile Point.  The Chesopiean 29(1):19-21.

Inashima, Paul Y.

2008   Establishing a Radiocarbon Date Based Framework for Northeastern Virginia Archeology.  Quarterly Bulletin of the Archeological Society of Virginia 63(4):187-290.

Israel, Stephen S.

2008   Brewerton Eared-Notched Point.  Maryland Archeology 44(1):37-38.

Jirikowic, Christine A.

1999   Final Report on the 1990, 1991, and 1994 Excavations at the Hughes Site (18MO1). Report prepared by the American University Potomac River Archaeology Survey, Washington, DC.

Johnson, Arthur F.

1968   New Dates for the Archaic.  Quarterly Bulletin of the Archeological Society of Virginia 22(4): 172.

Johnson, Gerald H.

1978   An Analysis of Lithic Material from the Williamson Site.  Quarterly Bulletin of the Archeological Society of Virginia 33(2):61-64.

Johnson, Michael F.

1989   The Lithic Technology and Material Culture of the First Virginians: An Eastern Clovis Perspective.  In Paleoindian Research in Virginia: A Synthesis, edited by J. Mark Wittkofski and Theodore R. Reinhart, pp. 95-138.  Special Publication 19. Archeological Society of Virginia, Richmond.

1996   Paleoindians Near the Edge: A Virginia Perspective.  In The Paleoindian and Early Archaic Southeast, edited by David G. Anderson and Kenneth E. Sassaman.  The University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa.

Johnson, William C., Ryan W. Robinson, J. Steven Kite, Edward J. Siemon, Denise L. Grantz, and Jonathan Glenn

2007   The Early and Early Middle Archaic Period Occupations at the Confluence of the Little Kanawha and Ohio Rivers, Parkersburg, West Virginia.   Paper presented at the 64 Annual Meeting of the Southeastern Archaeological Conference, Knoxville, Tennessee.

Justice, Noel 

1987   Stone Age Spear and Arrow Points of the Midcontinental and Eastern United States: A Modern Survey and Reference. Indiana University Press, Bloomington.

Katz, Gregory M.

2000   Archaic Period Triangular Bifaces in the Middle Atlantic Region: Technological and Functional Considerations.  M.A. thesis, Department of Anthropology, Temple University, Philadelphia.

Kavanagh, Maureen

1982   Archeological Resources of the Monocacy River Region, Frederick and Carroll Counties, Maryland: Final Report. Maryland Geological Survey, Division of Archeology, File Report 164.

Kavanagh, Maureen, and Ebright, Carol

1988   Archeological Testing of Four Prehistoric Sites in Town Creek Valley, Allegany County, Maryland. State Highway Administration Archeological Report No. 216.

Keel, Bennie C.

1976   Cherokee Archaeology: A Study of the Appalachian Summit.  University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville.

Kent, Barry C.

1996   Piney Island and the Archaic of Southeastern Pennsylvania.  Pennsylvania Archaeologist 66(2):1-42.

Kinsey, W. Fred, III

1959   Recent Excavations on Bare Island in Pennsylvania: The Kent-Hally Site. Pennsylvania Archaeologist 29(3-4):109-133.

1972   Archeology in the Upper Delaware Valley: A Study of the Cultural Chronology of the Tocks Island Reservoir. The Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, Harrisburg.

Klein, Mike, Marco A. Gonzalez, and Michael L. Carmody

2014   US 301 from the Delaware/Maryland State Line to SR 1: Phase III Archaeological Data Recovery at the Warwick Site (18CE371), Cecil County, MD. Report prepared for Delaware Dept. of Transportation.

Kneberg, Madeline

1956   Some Important Projectile Point Types Found in the Tennessee Area. Tennessee Archaeologist 12(1):17-27.

Kraft, Herbert C.

1975   The Archaeology of the Tocks Island Area.  Archaeological Research Center, Seton Hall University Museum, South Orange, NJ.

1990   The Terminal Archaic in the Upper Delaware Valley: A Broad and Narrow Perspective.  In Experiments and Observations on the Terminal Archaic of the Middle Atlantic Region.  Edited by Roger W. Moeller.  Archaeological Services, Bethlehem, CT.

LeeDecker, Charles H., and Brad Koldehoff

1991   Excavation of the Indian Creek V Site (18PR94), Prince George’s County, Maryland.  Report prepared for Wallace Roberts & Todd and the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority by Louis Berger and Associates, Inc.

Lewis, Thomas M.N., and Madeline Kneberg

1955   The A.L. LeCroy Collection.  Tennessee Archaeologist 11(2):75-82.

Lewis, Thomas M.N., and Madeline Kneberg Lewis

1961   Eva: An Archaic Site.  University of Tennessee Study in Anthropology, Knoxville.

Lindstrom, Bruce, and Kenneth W. Stevenson

1987   Lithic Artifacts from the Anderson Site, 40WM9.  Tennessee Anthropologist 12:1-50.

Lothrop, Jonathan C., and Brad Koldehoff

1994   Archaic Settlement in the Lower Delaware Valley.  Journal of Middle Atlantic Archaeology 10:105-124.

Lowery, Darrin

1989   The Paw Paw Cove Paleo-Indian Site Complex, Talbot County, Maryland. Archaeology of Eastern North America 17:143-163.

1992   The Distribution and Function of Prehistoric Sites within the Lower Bay Hundred District, Talbot County, Maryland.  Journal of Middle Atlantic Archaeology 8:11-40.

1995   The Distribution of Isolated Adena Related Artifacts on Maryland's Portion of the Delmarva Peninsula.  MHT Library # CA 11

2002   A Time of Dust: Archaeological and Geomorphological Investigations at the Paw Paw Cove Paleo-Indian Site Complex in Talbot County, Maryland.  Chesapeake Bay Watershed Archaeological Research Foundation, Tilghman, MD.

2003   Investigating Clovis on the Delmarva Peninsula.  Mammoth Trumpet 19(1):10-14.

2012   The Delmarva Adena Complex: A Study of the Frederica Site, Kent County, Delaware.  Archaeology of Eastern North America 40:27-58.

2013   Jack’s Reef in the Chesapeake and Delmarva Region: Research into the Coastal Archaeology of the Era Between Circa Cal A.D. 480 and Cal. A.D. 900. Archaeology of Eastern North America 41:5-30.

Lowery, Darrin L., and Daniel P. Wagner

2012   Geochemical Impacts to Prehistoric Iron-Rich Siliceous Artifacts in the Nearshore Coastal Zone.  Journal of Archaeological Science 39:690-697.

Luckenbach, Al

2011a   Two Dated Archaic Period Hearths from Pig Point (18AN50).  Maryland Archeology 47(1):31-34.

2011b   Hopewellian Isolates from Anne Arundel County, Maryland.  Maryland Archeology 47(2):15-21.

2013   A “Delmarva Adena” Mortuary Complex at Pig Point on the Patuxent River, Maryland.  Journal of Middle Atlantic Archaeology 29:1-22.

Luckenbach, Al, Jessie Grow, and Shawn Sharpe

2010   Archaic Period Triangular Points from Pig Point, Anne Arundel County, Maryland.  Journal of Middle Atlantic Archaeology 26:165-180.

Luedtke, Barbara E.

1992   An Archaeologist’s Guide to Chert and Flint.  Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los Angeles.

MacCord, Howard A.

1970   Beginners’ Guide to Indian Projectile Point of Eastern Virginia.  Virginia State Library.

Mayr, Thomas

1972   Selby Bay in Retrospect.  Maryland Archeology 8(1):2-3.

McAvoy, Joseph M.

1979   The Point-of-Rocks Paleo-Indian Site.   Quarterly Bulletin of the Archeological Society of Virginia 34(2):93-111.

McAvoy, Joseph M., and Lynn D. McAvoy

1997   Archaeological Investigations of Site 44SX202, Cactus Hill, Sussex County. Virginia Department of Historic Resources Research Report Series n. 8, Richmond.

2003   The Williamson Clovis Site, 44DW1, Dinwiddie County, Virginia: An Analysis of Research Potential in Threatened Areas.  Virginia Department of Historic Resources Research Report Series n. 13, Richmond.

McCann, Catherine

1962   The Wilson Site, Bradford County, Pennsylvania.  Pennsylvania Archaeologist 32(2):43-55.

McCary, Ben C.

1953   The Potts Site, Chickahominy River, New Kent County, Virginia.  Quarterly Bulletin of the Archeological Society of Virginia 8(1):11.

McConaughy, Mark A.

2013   The Jack’s Reef Horizon in Pennsylvania: A Preliminary Assessment.  Archaeology of Eastern North America 41:31-46.

McLearen, Douglas C.

1991   Late Archaic and Early Woodland Material Culture in Virginia.  In Late Archaic and Early Woodland Research in Virginia: A Synthesis. Edited by Theodore R. Reinhart and Mary Ellen N. Hodges.  Special Publication 23, Archeological Society of Virginia, Richmond.

McNett, Charles W.

n.d.   Prehistoric Archeology in the Middle Atlantic Region: The View from the Potomac River.  Manuscript on file, Jefferson Patterson Park and Museum.

McNett, Charles W., and William M. Gardner

1975   Archaeology of the Lower and Middle Potomac.  Manuscript on file, Department of Anthropology, American University.

Miller, Patricia E.

1998   Lithic Projectile Point Technology and Raw Material Use in the Susquehanna River Valley.  In The Archaic Period in Pennsylvania: Hunter-Gatherers of the Early and Middle Holocene Period.  Edited by Paul A. Raber, Patricia E. Miller, and Sarah M. Neusius. Recent Research in Pennsylvania Archaeology No. 1, Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, Harrisburg.

Mills, William C.

1902   Excavations of the Adena Mound.   Ohio Archaeological and Historical Publications10: 452-479.

Mouer, L. Daniel

1986   Archaeology in Henrico: Investigations of the Archaeological Research Center Virginia Commonwealth University, Volume 2.  Richmond.

Mouer, L. Daniel, Robin L. Ryder, and Elizabeth G. Johnson

1981   The Elk Island Tradition: An Early Woodland Regional Society in the Virginia Piedmont.  Quarterly Bulletin of the Archeological Society of Virginia, 36(1-2):49-76.

Mounier, R. Alan, and John W. Martin

1994   For Crying Out Loud!: News About Teardrops.  Journal of Middle Atlantic Archaeology 10:125-140.

Oliver, Billy L.

1981   The Piedmont Tradition: Refinement of the Savannah River Stemmed Point Type. M.A. thesis, Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

1985   Tradition and Typology: Basic Elements of the Carolina Projectile Point Sequence. In Structure and Process in Southeastern Archaeology.  Edited by Roy S. Dickens, Jr. and H. Trawick Ward.  University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa.

Painter, Floyd E.

1964   The Angelico Projectile Point.   The Chesopiean 2(3):62-64.

1970   The Nottoway River Projectile Point.   The Chesopiean 8(1):21-26.

1982   One Man’s Trash is Another Man’s Treasure: A Study in Discarded Tools and Weapons.  The Chesopiean 20(5-6):17-37.

1991   The Faison Basal-Snapped Projectile Point.  The Chesopiean 29(1):22-25.

Painter, Floyd, and William Jack Hranicky

1989   The Moyock Projectile Point.   The Chesopiean 27(2):24-26.

Potter, Stephen R.

1993   Commoners, Tribute, and Chiefs: The Development of Algonquian Culture in the    Potomac Valley.  University Press of Virginia, Charlottesville.

Reeve, Stuart A.

1992   Changes in Time: A Seriation Chronology for Southern Maryland Projectile Points.  Journal of Middle Atlantic Archaeology 8:107-137.

Reeve, Stuart A., and Peter E. Seigel

1994   Phase III Data Recovery at the Aud Site (18ST634) St. Mary’s County, Maryland. State Highway Administration Archeological Report No. 111. Prepared by John Milner Associates, Inc., West Chester, Pennsylvania.

Ritchie, William A.

1959   The Stony Brook Site and its Relation to Archaic and Transitional Cultures on Long Island.  New York State Museum and Science Service Bulletin 372.  Albany.

1971   A Typology and Nomenclature for New York Projectile Points.  New York State Museum and Science Service Bulletin 384.  Albany.

Ritchie, William A., and Robert E. Funk

1971   Evidence for Early Archaic Occupations on Staten Island.  Pennsylvania Archaeologist 41(3):45-60.

Robinson, Johnna, and Lynne Bulhack

2006   An Analysis of Fabric Impressions on the Surfaces of Early Mockley Sherds from Point Lookout State Park, Maryland (18ST728 and 18ST729). Maryland Archeology 42(1):1-8.

Sassaman, Kenneth E.

1993   Early Pottery in the Southeast: Tradition and Innovation in Cooking Technology.    The University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa.

Scully, Edward G.

1951   Some Central Mississippi Valley Projectile Point Types.  Mimeographed paper, Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

Siegel, Peter E., Charles D. Cheek, and Charles E. Goode

2004   Phase II and III Archeological Investigations in a Portion of Site 18PR131, Prince George’s County, Maryland.  Report prepared by John Milner Associates for Land & Commercial, Inc.

Singer, Zachary, and Carol Ebright

2017   Revisiting Higgins (18AN489): A Reanalysis of the First Excavated Paleoindian Site in Maryland. Paper presented at the 47th Annual Meeting of the Middle Atlantic Archaeological Conference, Virginia Beach, VA.

Soday, Frank J.

1954   The Quad Site, a Paleo-Indian Village in Northern Alabama.  Tennessee Archaeologist 10(1):1-20.

Sperling, Stephanie Taleff

2008   The Middle Woodland Period in Central Maryland: A Fresh Look at Old Questions.  Maryland Archeology 44(1):22-36.

Staats, F. Dayton

1986   Function of the Perkiomen Broad Point: Another Point of View.  Pennsylvania Archaeologist v. 56(1-2): 37-41.

1998   A Hardaway Side-Notched Point from Warren County.  Bulletin of the Archaeological Society of New Jersey 53:114-115.

Stephenson, Robert L., and Alice L.L. Ferguson

1963   The Accokeek Creek Site: A Middle Atlantic Seaboard Culture Sequence. University of Michigan Museum of Anthropology, Anthropological Papers n. 20, Ann Arbor.

Steponaitis, Laurie C.

1980   A Survey of Artifact Collections from the Patuxent River Drainage, Maryland. Maryland Historical Trust Monograph Series 1.  Maryland Historical Trust and Maryland Department of Natural Resources, Annapolis, MD.

1986   Prehistoric Settlement Patterns in the Lower Patuxent Drainage, Maryland.  Ph.D. dissertation, State University of New York at Binghamton.

Stewart, R. Michael

1980   Prehistoric Settlement and Subsistence Patterns and the Testing of Predictive Site Location Models in the Great Valley of Maryland.  Ph.D. dissertation, Catholic University of America.

1984   Archaeologically Significant Characteristics of Metarhyolites.  In Prehistoric Lithic Exchange Systems in the Middle Atlantic Region.  Edited by Jay F. Custer.  University of Delaware Center for Archaeological Research Monograph 3. Newark, DE.

1998   Archaic Triangles at the Abbott Farm National Landmark: Typological Implications for Prehistoric Studies in the Middle Atlantic Region.  Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Middle Atlantic Archaeological Conference, Cape May, NJ.

Tache, Karine

2011   New Perspectives on Meadowood Trade Items.  American Antiquity 76(1):41-80.

Thomas, Ronald

1981   Archaeological Investigations at the Delaware Park Site.  Report prepared for the Delaware Department of Transportation, Dover.

Truncer, James J.

1990   Perkiomen Points: A Study in Variability.  In Experiments and Observations on the Terminal Archaic of the Middle Atlantic Region.  Edited by Roger W. Moeller.  Archaeological Services, Bethlehem, CT.

Vitelli, Karen D.

1975   Report of the Excavation at UMBC Site 18-BA-71. Miscellaneous Papers No. 10, Archeological Society of Maryland.

Voigt, Eric

2004   Archaeological Data Recovery at the Brook Run Jasper Quarry (Site 44CU122), Associated with the Proposed Route 3 Improvements, Culpeper County, Virginia. Report prepared for the Virginia Department of Transportation by the Louis Berger Group.

Wall, Robert D.

1991   Early to Middle Archaic Period Occupations in Western Maryland: A Preliminary Model.  Journal of Middle Atlantic Archaeology 7:53-66.

1992   Lithic Resource Utilization in Western Maryland Prehistory.  Journal of Middle Atlantic Archaeology 8:1-10.

1993b   Stratigraphy and Sequence in the South Branch of the Upper Potomac Valley, Moorefield and Petersburg, West Virginia. Journal of Middle Atlantic Archaeology 9: 49-66.

2001   Late Woodland Ceramics and Native Populations of the Upper Potomac Valley. Journal of Middle Atlantic Archaeology 17:15-37.

Wall, Robert D., R. Michael Stewart, and John Cavallo

1996   The Lithic Technology of the Trenton Complex.  Trenton Complex Archaeology Report 13.  The Cultural Resource Group, Louis Berger & Associates, East Orange, N J.  Prepared for the New Jersey Department of Transportation.

Wanser, Jeffrey C.

1982   A Survey of Artifact Collections from Central Southern Maryland. Maryland Historical Trust Manuscript Series 23.  Maryland Historical Trust and Maryland Department of Natural Resources, Annapolis.

Ward, Henry H.

1984   Archaeological Investigations of a Lithic Reduction Activity Area, Herring Island (18CE146), Cecil County, Maryland.  North American Archaeologist 5:45-61.

Ward, H. Trawick, and R.P. Stephen Davis, Jr.

1999   Time Before History: The Archaeology of North Carolina.  The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.

Waselkov, Gregory A.

1982   Shellfish Gathering and Shell Midden Archaeology.  Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

Waters, Michael R., and Thomas W. Stafford, Jr.

2007   Redefining the Age of Clovis: Implications for the Peopling of the Americas. Science 315(5815):1122-1126.

Wesler, Kit W.

1983   Typology and Sequence in the Maryland Archaic. Southeastern Archaeology 2(1):21-29.

Wingerson Roberta, and Richard Wingerson

1974   The Hunter Brook Rockshelter.  Bulletin of the New York State Archaeological Association 68:19-28.

Witthoft, John

1953   Broad Spearpoints and the Transitional Period Cultures in Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania Archaeologist 23(1):4-31.

1959   Notes on the Archaic of the Appalachian Region.  American Antiquity 25(1):79-85.

Wright, Henry T.

1973   An Archeological Sequence in the Middle Chesapeake Region, Maryland.  Maryland Geological Survey Archaeological Studies, n. 1.  Baltimore.